How the rubric is applied
For each axis, we apply the rubric below to the available evidence — the manufacturer's own published material, our direct correspondence with their team, third-party references, and (where relevant) our own observations from inquiries we have brokered.
When direct evidence is missing, we derive a default from adjacent fields (for example, certification breadth is derived from the published certifications list; lead time defaults to the manufacturer's listing tier when no response-time statistics have been reported). Defaults are conservative — they round down rather than up.
The overall score is the simple sum across the five axes (out of 25), reported as a percentage on the manufacturer page and the compare view. We do not weight axes — buyers weight them themselves based on their priorities.